Bug Identifier

Termites

Eastern Subterranean Termite

Reticulitermes flavipes

0246810
Body length in millimeters. Shaded bar shows the typical adult range.
Scientific nameReticulitermes flavipes
GroupTermites
Size3–10 mm (up to about 0.39 in)
Colors White, Black and Tan
Legs6 legs
WingsYes
Where foundIndoors, anywhere, Basement or garage and Woods or trails
Most activeSpring
BitesNo
StingsNo
Risk levelNuisance

How to identify it

The eastern subterranean termite is a small member of the termites group. Straight antennae, a thick waist and, in swarmers, four equal wings. Check for these three features:

  1. Creamy white, soft-bodied workers in soil and wood
  2. Black swarmers with two pairs of equal-length wings
  3. Pencil-width mud tubes on foundations and walls

About this bug

The most widespread termite in North America, living in underground colonies and reaching wood through mud tubes. Dark, winged swarmers emerge indoors on warm spring days.

You'll usually find eastern subterranean termites indoors, in basements and garages and in woods and along trails. They are most active in spring.

Is it dangerous?

Termites don't bite people but can cause costly structural damage over time.

Our rating: Nuisance, meaning it is a nuisance pest but not a health threat to most people.

When you'll see eastern subterranean termites

Eastern Subterranean Termites are most active in spring. In spring, overwintering adults become active and many species lay their first eggs.

Typical places to check: indoors, anywhere, basement or garage and woods or trails.

About termites

The eastern subterranean termite is one of the termites. Termites live in colonies with a king, queen, workers and soldiers. Workers are pale, soft and rarely seen because they avoid light and dry air. Once a year, winged swarmers leave mature colonies to start new ones.

Swarmers indoors, discarded wings on windowsills and mud tubes on foundations are the three most common early warning signs.

What to do about it

  1. Schedule a professional inspection if you see swarmers or mud tubes
  2. Eliminate wood-to-soil contact and fix leaks
  3. Keep mulch and firewood away from the foundation

Bugs that look similar

Carpenter AntCamponotus pennsylvanicus6–13 mmNuisance

Group: Eastern Subterranean Termite belongs to termites, while carpenter ant belongs to ants. Straight antennae, a thick waist and, in swarmers, four equal wings.

Drywood TermiteIncisitermes minor8–12 mmNuisance

Size: Drywood Termites are larger, reaching 12 mm, while eastern subterranean termites top out around 10 mm.

Frequently asked questions

What does an eastern subterranean termite look like?

Creamy white, soft-bodied workers in soil and wood. Adults measure 3–10 mm (up to about 0.39 in).

Does the eastern subterranean termite bite or sting?

It does not bite. It does not sting. Termites don't bite people but can cause costly structural damage over time.

Where do eastern subterranean termites live?

Eastern Subterranean Termites live indoors, in basements and garages and in woods and along trails.

When are eastern subterranean termites most active?

Mostly in spring.