Bug Identifier

Cockroaches

American Cockroach

Periplaneta americana

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Body length in millimeters. Shaded bar shows the typical adult range.
Scientific namePeriplaneta americana
GroupCockroaches
Size35–53 mm (up to about 2.1 in)
Colors Red and Brown
Legs6 legs
WingsYes
Where foundBasement or garage, Bathroom and Kitchen
Most activeSpring, Summer, Fall and Winter
BitesNo
StingsNo
Risk levelNuisance

How to identify it

The American cockroach is a large member of the cockroaches group. Flat, oval bodies, long antennae and a shield covering the head. Check for these three features:

  1. Large reddish-brown body up to two inches long
  2. Pale yellowish band around the shield behind the head
  3. Fully developed wings covering the abdomen

About this bug

The largest common house cockroach, a reddish-brown roach that lives in sewers, basements and steam tunnels. It can fly short distances in warm weather.

You'll usually find American cockroaches in basements and garages, in the bathroom and in the kitchen. They are most active in spring, summer, fall and winter.

Is it dangerous?

American cockroaches can spread bacteria to food and trigger allergies and asthma.

Our rating: Nuisance, meaning it is a nuisance pest but not a health threat to most people.

When you'll see American cockroaches

American Cockroaches are most active in spring, summer, fall and winter. In spring, overwintering adults become active and many species lay their first eggs. Summer heat speeds up development, so populations can grow quickly. In fall, many bugs look for shelter, and some move toward or into buildings. In winter, activity continues mainly indoors in heated spaces.

Typical places to check: basement or garage, bathroom and kitchen.

About cockroaches

The American cockroach is one of the cockroaches. Cockroaches are ancient, flat-bodied insects that hide in narrow cracks during the day and forage at night. Females produce egg cases called oothecae, each holding a dozen to about 40 eggs depending on the species. Nymphs look like small, wingless adults.

Seeing a cockroach during the day can be a sign of a large population, because crowded hiding spots push some roaches out into the open.

What to do about it

  1. Seal floor drains, pipe gaps and sewer entry points
  2. Reduce moisture in basements and crawl spaces
  3. Use gel bait and bait stations in hidden areas

Read the full guide: how to get rid of American cockroaches.

Bugs that look similar

Smokybrown CockroachPeriplaneta fuliginosa30–38 mmNuisance

Size: American Cockroaches are larger, reaching 53 mm, while smokybrown cockroaches top out around 38 mm.

Oriental CockroachBlatta orientalis25–30 mmNuisance

Size: American Cockroaches are larger, reaching 53 mm, while Oriental cockroaches top out around 30 mm.

German CockroachBlattella germanica12–15 mmNuisance

Size: American Cockroaches are larger, reaching 53 mm, while German cockroaches top out around 15 mm.

Frequently asked questions

What does an American cockroach look like?

Large reddish-brown body up to two inches long. Adults measure 35–53 mm (up to about 2.1 in).

Does the American cockroach bite or sting?

It does not bite. It does not sting. American cockroaches can spread bacteria to food and trigger allergies and asthma.

Where do American cockroaches live?

American Cockroaches live in basements and garages, in the bathroom and in the kitchen.

When are American cockroaches most active?

Mostly in spring, summer, fall and winter.